The effects of business environment, opportunity identification and perceived behavioral control: An empirical study of Algerian student’ entrepreneurial intention
Keywords:
Algeria, business environment, perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurial intention, opportunity identificationAbstract
The aim of this research is to contribute to the ongoing debate in the literature regarding the influence of two categories of factors: contextual (perceived entrepreneurial environment - P2E) and individual (opportunity identification - OI and perceived behavioral control - PBC) on the intention to start a business in a specific context of a developing country, Algeria. Data was collected from 302 final-year students in six higher education institutions. The results show that IE is determined by personality, OI and PBC, not by environment, P2E. The latter even has a negative effect on students' EI. However, these perceptions (P2E) moderate the impact of opportunity identification on the intention to create a business, such that to strengthen this relationship.
References
Abedou, A. al. (2011). L’entrepreneuriat en Algérie. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 116 pages.
Ajzen, I. (1991). “The Theory of planned Behaviour”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50, 179-211.
Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self‐efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
Aknine, S. R. & Ferfera, M. Y. (2014). Entrepreneuriat et création d’entreprise en Algérie : Une lecture à partir des dispositifs de soutiens et d’aide à la création des entreprises. Revue des sciences Economiques et de Gestion 14 : 65 78.
Amir, O., et Bellache, Y. (2018). Institutions et organisations : quelle articulation dans une problématique de l’entrepreneuriat en Algérie ? Marché et organisations, (3), 173-195.
Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R., & Ray, S. (2003). A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development. Journal of Business venturing, 18(1), 105-123.
Begley, T. M., Tan, W. L., & Schoch, H. (2005). Politico–economic factors associated with interest in starting a business: A multi–country study. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(1), 35-55.
Beynon, M. J., Jones, P., & Pickernell, D. (2018). Entrepreneurial climate and self-perceptions about entrepreneurship: a country comparison using fsQCA with dual outcomes. Journal of Business Research, 89, 418-428.
Bird, B. (1988). Implementing Entrepreneurial Ideas: The Case for Intention. Academy of Management Review 13(3) : 442 453.
Bird, B. (1992). The Operation of Intentions in Time: The Emergence of the New Venture. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice 17(1) : 11-20.
Bird, B., & Jelinek, M. (1989). The operation of entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 13(2), 21-30.
Boyd, N. G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 18(4), 63-77.
Bruton, G. D., Ahlstrom, D., & Obloj, K. (2008). Entrepreneurship in emerging economies: Where are we today and where should the research go in the future. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 32(1), 1-14.
Bruyat, C. (1993). Création d'entreprise: contributions épistémologiques et modélisation (Doctoral dissertation, Université Pierre Mendès-France-Grenoble II).
Chandler, G. N., Dahlqvist, J., & Davidsson, P. (2002). Opportunity recognition processes: A taxonomy and outcome implications. In The twenty-second annual Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference. Babson College.
Elnadi, M., & Gheith, M. H. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in higher education: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100458.
Fayolle, A., Liñán, F., & Moriano, J. A. (2014). Beyond entrepreneurial intentions: values and motivations in entrepreneurship. International entrepreneurship and management journal, 10, 679-689.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Franke, N., & Lüthje, C. (2004). Entrepreneurial intentions of business students—A benchmarking study. International journal of innovation and technology management, 1(03), 269-288.
Gabarret, I., & Vedel, B. (2012). Quitter son emploi pour devenir entrepreneur. @ grh, (3), 79-97.
Gaglio, C. M., & Katz, J. A. (2001). The psychological basis of opportunity identification: Entrepreneurial alertness. Small business economics, 16, 95-111.
Gavard-Perret, M. L., Gotteland, D., Haon, C., & Jolibert, A. (2008). Méthodologie de la recherche. Editions Pearson Education France, 42.
GEM (2009) Rapport Régional GEM-MOAN (Moyen-Orient & Afrique du Nord) », Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 178 pages.
Gnyawali, D. R., & Fogel, D. S. (1994). Environments for entrepreneurship development: key dimensions and research implications. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 18(4), 43-62.
Hernandez, E. M. (2008). L’entrepreneuriat comme processus d’émergence organisationnelle. Revue française de gestion 2008/5(185) : 89-105.
Heuer, A., & Liñán, F. (2013). Testing alternative measures of subjective norms in entrepreneurial intention models. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 19(1), 35-50.
Hisrich, R. D., & Al-Dabbagh, A. (2012). Governpreneurship: Establishing a thriving entrepreneurial spirit in government. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Iakovleva, T., Kolvereid, L. and Stephan, U. (2011), “Entrepreneurial intentions in developing and developed countries”, Education + Training, Vol. 53 No. 5, pp. 353-370.
Jolibert, A., & Jourdan, P. (2006). Marketing Reseach: méthodes de recherche et d'études en marketing (No. halshs-00132470).
Karimi S, al. (2015). Testing the relationship between personality characteristics, contextual factors and entrepreneurial intentions in a developing country. International Journal of Psychology 52(3): 227-240.
Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J. A., Naderi Mahdei, K., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2017). Testing the relationship between personality characteristics, contextual factors and entrepreneurial intentions in a developing country. International Journal of Psychology, 52(3), 227 240.
Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education: A study of Iranian students' entrepreneurial intentions and opportunity identification. Journal of small business management, 54(1), 187-209.
Katz, J. A. (1990). Longitudinal analysis of self-employment follow-through. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 2(1), 15-26.
Kautonen, T., van Gelderen, M. & Fink, M., (2013). Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 39(3), 655-674
Kolvereid, L. et Isaksen, E. (2006). New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(6), 866 885.
Kolvereid., L. (1996). "Organizational Employment Versus Self-Employment: Reasons for Career Choice Intentions", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 20(3), 23-31.
Korunka, C., Frank, H., Lueger, M., & Mugler, J. (2003). The entrepreneurial personality in the context of resources, environment, and the startup process—A configurational approach. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 28(1), 23-42.
Krueger Jr, N. F. (2007). What lies beneath? The experiential essence of entrepreneurial thinking. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 31(1), 123-138.
Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entrepreneurship & regional development, 5(4), 315-330.
Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5 6), 411 432.
Leghima, A. & Djema. (2014). PME et innovation en Algérie : limites et perspectives. Marché et organisations 20(1) : 73 98.
Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross–cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 33(3), 593-617.
Lüthje, C., & Franke, N. (2003). The ‘making’of an entrepreneur: testing a model of entrepreneurial intent among engineering students at MIT. R&d Management, 33(2), 135-147.
Nabi, G. & Liñán, F. (2013). Considering business start-up in recession time: The role of risk perception and economic context in shaping the entrepreneurial intent. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 19(6): 633 655.
Nafa, A., St-Jean, E., Tremblay, M., Baronet, J., Janssen, F. and Loué, C. (2018). Projets entrepreneuriaux des étudiants algériens et comparaison internationale. Les Cahiers du Cread, 34(4): 5–38.
Neter, J., Kutner, M. H., Nachtsheim, C. J., & Wasserman, W. (1996). Applied linear statistical models.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Personality and values. Organizational behaviour, 131-145.
Roxas, B., Lindsay, V., Ashill, N., & Victorio, A. (2007). An institutional view of local entrepreneurial climate. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 3(1):1–28.
Sánchez, J. C. (2013). The impact of an entrepreneurship education program on entrepreneurial competencies and intention. Journal of small business management, 51(3), 447-465.
Schwarz, E. J., Wdowiak, M. A., Almer‐Jarz, D. A., & Breitenecker, R. J. (2009). The effects of attitudes and perceived environment conditions on students' entrepreneurial intent: An Austrian perspective. Education+ Training, 51(4), 272-291.
Shane, S. (2000). The Promise of Entrepreneurship As a Field of Research. Academy of Management Review.
Shapero, A. (1982). The social dimensions of entrepreneurship. University of Illinois Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship.
Shirokova, G., Osiyevskyy, O., & Bogatyreva, K. (2016). Exploring the intention–behavior link in student entrepreneurship: Moderating effects of individual and environmental characteristics. European Management Journal, 34(4), 386-399.
Taormina, R. J., & Lao, S. K. M. (2007). Measuring Chinese entrepreneurial motivation: Personality and environmental influences. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 13(4), 200-221.
Tkachev, A. & Kolvereid, L. (1999). Self-employment intentions among Russian students. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 11(3): 269 280.
Tounés, A. & Mahmoudi, M. (2022). The Entrepreneurial Intention of Algerian Students: Between Disillusionment of the Entrepreneurial Climate and Self-Confidence. Journal of Enterprising Culture 30(01): 91-121.
Wilkinson, T. J. (2006). Entrepreneurial climate and US state foreign trade offices as predictors of export success. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(1), 99-113.
Yaici, F. N. (2014). Les PME et l’emploi en Algérie : Une diversité de dispositifs d’appui pour quels résultats ? Les Cahiers du CREAD 110 : 53 73.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Mahmoudi Mourad, Lalali Rachid, Zidelkhil Halim

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Allows users to: distribute and copy the article; create extracts, abstracts, and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as a translation); include in a collective work (such as an anthology); and text or data mine the article. These uses are permitted even for commercial purposes, provided the user: gives appropriate credit to the author(s) (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant URL ID); includes a link to the license; indicates if changes were made; and does not represent the author(s) as endorsing the adaptation of the article or modify the article in such a way as to damage the authors' honor or reputation. CC BY