Contesting Territorial Claims: Struggle for the Promised Land
Abstract
Manipur, literally “the land of Jewels”, the last frontier of the Indic civilization in the east, lay traumatized with armed conflicts. It has caught up in triangular conflicts, conflict between the state and non-state actors, the conflict among the non-state actors, and conflict between the relative major ethnic groups of the state. The conflict that began as civilizational crisis, divided ethnically by the colonial rule and idealized politically by struggle for self-determination has at the end, boiled down to struggle for territorial claims, the Meiteis struggle to preserve the Promised Land of the Hindus, challenged by the Naga’s Greater Nagaland or Nagalim and Kuki’s Homeland
References
A.F.M. Abdul Ali (Formerly keeper of Imperial Records of India), “Manipur Through Ages”, in Raj Kumar Sanahal Singh (ed.) Peeps Into Manipur (Imphal: Padma Printers, 1985), p. 15.
Manipur : Final population of data of Census 2011 - Released by Census Operations, Manipur Director Y Thamkishore - on June 05 2013 - [http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Census_of_Manipur.Manipur_Final_population_of_data_of_Census_2011, accessed on 01 January 2015).
GangmumeiKabui, History of Manipur: Vol I (Pre-Colonial period) (New Delhi: National Publishing House, 1991), p. 264.
Ibid, p. 162.
Bipan Chandra, Mridaula Mukherjee & Aditya Mukherjee, India After Independence 1947 – 2000 (New Delhi: Penguin Books, 2002), p. 72.
Ibid.
Memo no 456 p. II – I dated 21 September 1946, from the maharaja to the political Agent in Manipur.
Manipur State Constitution Act 1947. Chapter 1, part 3.
Manipur State Constitution Act 1947. Chapter VII, section 38.
Bipan Chandra, Mridaula Mukherjee & Aditya Mukherjee, India After Independence 1947 – 2000,p. 133.
SanjibBaruah, “Generals as Governors: The parallel political systems of Northeast India”, Himal, Kathmandu, June 2001 [http://www.himalmag.com/component/content/article/4455-generals-as-governers.html. accessed on 2 January 2015].
Nagaland [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagaland accessed on 30 December, 2014].
Resolution of the National Executive of the PSP dated August 11, 1960, cited in J. Roy, History of Manipur, (Calcutta, 1973), p. 154.
The Naga Chronicle, (ed.) Rev Dr. V. K. Nuh&Wetshokhrole, Council of Naga Churches Kohima, 1999, p. 198. Cited in Ram Naratan Kumar &Laxmi Murthy, Four years of the Cease-fire Agreement between the Government of India and the National Socialist Council of Nagalim: Promises and Pitfalls, (Civil Society Initiatives on the Naga Peace process: New Delhi, 2002), p. 55.
Mizoram [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizoram accessed on 2 January 2015].
Ibid.
Ibid.
S. George Guite, “Kuki State Demand in Manipur: The only viable option for the Kukis”, [http://www.jneis.com/?p=583 accessed on 24 December 2014].
Ibid.
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